mining method
A long time ago, people used the simplest way to extract oil, just like using a bucket to lift water in a well, and using a winch to extract oil from the oil well. But this method is only suitable for oil wells with very shallow reservoirs, low pressure and low production. For example, in 1907, Well Yan 1 in Yanchang Oil Field in China had a depth of 81 meters and a daily oil production of 1 to 1.5 tons. Well Yan 2 was drilled in 1911 with a depth of 157 meters and a daily oil production of 100 kg. At that time, the oil was pulled up from the oil well with a rotary winch.
With the development of the petroleum industry, more and more oil fields with high production and deeply buried oil layers have been discovered. The original method of manual extraction cannot be used on these oil wells, so it is gradually eliminated. Spontaneous oil production and various artificial The method of lifting oil recovery arises at the historic moment.
After an oil well is drilled by the method of drilling, and the steel pipe is lowered to connect to the oil layer, the oil will automatically spray out to the ground along the steel pipe of the oil well like a fountain. The greater the pressure in the oil layer, the faster and more oil will be sprayed out. This ability to lift oil to the ground by the energy of the oil layer itself is called self-spraying, and oil recovery in this way is called self-spraying oil recovery, which often occurs in the initial stage of oil well development.
With the continuous development of the oil field, the formation energy is gradually consumed, and the oil well will eventually stop flowing. Due to the geological characteristics of the formation, some oil wells cannot flow spontaneously from the beginning. For the above-mentioned oil wells that cannot self-spray, the oil flow must be replenished with artificial lift to recover the oil at the bottom of the well. The method of using artificial lift to lift oil from the bottom of the well to the surface can be divided into two categories: gas lift method and oil pumping method.

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