Development history: From the “eighteen Arhats” to the rise of private enterprises

1, five stages of the development of China’s machine tool industry

TC-ODK161 China’s machine tool after starting from scratch to explore the stage, the development stage after reform and opening up, the high-speed growth stage at the beginning of the new century, and the downward stage of industry turmoil, until now the machine and the core parts of the localization level gradually improved, CNC into the industry’s upgrading trend of broad space for development, the new cycle has started, domestic machine tools gradually toward the world stage.

(1) Initial exploration Stage (1949-1978)

Before 1949, there was no real machine tool industry in China. Until 1952, the United States produced the world’s first CNC machine tool. With the assistance of the Soviet Union, China established a number of state-owned machine tool enterprises, TC-ODK161 known as the “eighteen Arhats”, which laid the foundation of China’s machine tool manufacturing industry as well as the entire industry. After the basic completion of socialist transformation, the people of all ethnic groups in the country under the leadership of the Communist Party of China began to engage in comprehensive and large-scale socialist construction. From 1958 to 1978, China’s machine tool industry also launched a large-scale construction, in 1958, under the background of Sino-Soviet tensions, China launched a large-scale industrial migration plan – “three-line construction”, but also began to develop CNC machine tools and other high-precision precision machine tools.

TC-ODK161

TC-ODK161 In 1960, the National high-precision precision machine tool planning Leading Group was established, responsible for guiding and promoting the development of high-precision precision machine tools, and making important progress in precision machine tool manufacturing in China. From 1972 to 1976, CNC systems, punch machines, ball screws, CNC tool bars and other products began to be offered. From 1972 to 1979, a total of 4180 CNC machine tools were produced, 90% of which were CNC wire-cutting machines. During this period, the United States focused on the development of advanced technology; Germany has gradually led the global CNC machine tool technology since the 1960s and 1970s; Japan surpassed the United States in 1978 to become the world’s largest production country, and continues to strengthen scientific research and the development of high-performance CNC machine tools. Due to the semi-closed state of the situation inside and outside the country, the development of CNC machine tools in China has encountered difficulties, and the development of technological update has also stalled.

(2) Market Transition Stage (1979-1998)

With the reform and opening up in 1978, China’s TC-ODK161 machine tool industry has also ushered in a stage of transformation and development. On February 10, 1983, the Ministry of Machinery Industry issued the “Pilot Measures for the implementation of the principle of Planned Economy in the machinery Industry, supplemented by market regulation”, which changed the single mandatory plan into three forms of planning. By the mid-1990s, all machine tool products were opened to the market. Meanwhile, it also opened the cooperation between domestic machine tool factory and overseas machine tool enterprises. Through the introduction of numerical control system and host R & D technology, and joint design with foreign companies, China has produced its own numerical control machine tools. After entering the 1980s, the state’s investment in the technological transformation of machine tool enterprises has increased year by year. Through technological reform, the industry’s product development capacity and manufacturing capacity are strengthened, the management level is gradually improved, and the ability to adapt to the market economy is gradually enhanced. In 1988, the machine tool Industry Association was established, and the state-owned machine tool enterprises continue to integrate, which makes China’s machine tool industry in terms of technical level and operation has made great improvements.

At this stage, the machine tool industry in Western developed countries has fully entered the era of numerical control machine tools, while the development of numerical control technology in China is still in its infancy, and the gap between China and the West has expanded significantly.